You can use myip.com (or any similar service). You will be shown the IP address that was used for accessing the site; and if it matches the IP address that your Internet service provider assigned you, then you have a public IP address.
There are three class of IP addresses for intranet IP addresses. If your IP address is detected in the following range, that’s mean you do not have a public IP address. Please contact your internet service provider.
10.0.0.0~10.255.255.255 (A class)
172.16.0.0~172.31.255.255 (B class)
192.168.0.0~192.168.255.255 (C class)